با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن مدیریت دولتی ایران و انجمن مدیریت رفتار سازمانی

نوع مقاله : توصیفی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه پیام نور

2 استادگروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

3 استاد گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران

4 4. دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت دولتی ، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

وقوع پیشرفتهای شگرف و سریع در زمینه‌های علمی و فنّاوری، در کوتاه‌مدت منجر به قدیمی شدن دانش و مهارت شغلی کارکنان می‌شود. از سویی، سازمانها با فشار فزاینده‌ای برای کاهش هزینه‌های مالی و زمانی همراه با نیاز به برنامه‌های آموزش کارکنان روبه‌رو هستند. این امر سبب شده که امروزه توجه زیادی به سوی برنامه‌های خودتوسعه‌ای صورت گیرد. هدف این پژوهش، طراحی و تبیین الگوی خودتوسعه‌ای منابع انسانی است. تحقیق حاضر، مطالعه‌ای توصیفی پیمایشی است که 949 نفر از پرستاران در آن شرکت کردند. داده‌ها به روش تحلیل مسیر، مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج تحقیق حاکی از آن بود که سن، سطح تحصیلات، نگرش اسلامی به کار، خودکارآمدی و انگیزش شغلی، بر تمایل و رفتار خودتوسعه‌ای اثرگذارند؛ در حالی که عوامل سازمانی شدت این رابطه را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهند. به نظر می‌رسد مدیران و سرپرستان از طریق حمایت واضح و مشهود از کارکنان، فراهم کردن زمان، اطلاعات، همراهی، منابع و پاداش می‌توانند نقش حیاتی را در زمینة یادگیری و خودتوسعه‌ای منابع انسانی بازی کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Design and Define Self - development of Human Resources Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Forootani 1
  • Adel Azar 2
  • Seyyed ali Akbar Ahmadi 3
  • Monireh Asgari nejad 4

چکیده [English]

The quick and dramatic improvements in science and technology, in the short term leads to the old job knowledge and skills. On the one hand, organizations are faced with increasing pressure to reduce financial costs and time along with the need for staff training programs. This has caused a lot of attention today towards self-development programs. The purpose of this research is to design and self-development model for human resources. This study is a descriptive survey of 949 nurses took part in it. Data were analyzed using path analysis method. The results showed that age, education level, Islam attitude, self-motivation and their effect on the willingness and self-development behavior; while organizational factors affect the strength of this relationship. It seems that managers and supervisors through clear and evident support from employees, providing time information, combined, resources and rewards can play a vital role in the field of learning and self-development of human resources.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • human resource development
  • self-development
  • Learning
جلالی، رستم؛ پروانه عبدالملکی و مهوش کهریزی(1382)؛ «دیدگاه پرستاران در خصوص آموزش مداوم (کرمانشاه- 1382)»، فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه، دوره دهم، ش 1،ص 75-67.
دلگشایی، بهرام؛ سیدجمال‌الدین طبیبی و پریسا پهلوان(1386)، «ارائۀ الگوی توسعۀ منابع انسانی در بخش بهداشت و درمان ایران»، مجلۀ پژوهش در پزشکی، دوره سی‌ویکم، ش 4، ص 325-317.
دهقان نیری، ناهید؛ علی‌اکبر نظری، مهوش صلصالی و فضل‌الله احمدی(1385)؛ «نقش نیروی انسانی در بهرهوری پرستاری: تحقیق کیفی»، مجله حیات، دوره دوازدهم، ش 3، ص 15-5.
طبیبی، سید جمال‌الدین(1382)؛ «توسعۀ منابع انسانی در بیمارستان»، طب و تزکیه، دوره یازدهم، ش 50، ص 77-71.
فرهی بوزنجانی، برزو؛ حسن عابدی جعفری و موسی مهدوی(1387)؛ «طراحی و تبیین الگوی توسعۀ منابع انسانی (استادان دانشگاه) مبتنی بر نگرش فطرتگرا و توسعۀ ارتباطات چهارگانه»، فصلنامه پژوهشهای مدیریت منابع انسانی، سال اول، ش 1، ص 49-19.
هومن، حیدرعلی (١٣٨٥). مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری با کاربرد نرم افزار لیزرل، تهران: انتشارات سمت.
 
Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50: 179-211.
Blau, G. (1985). "The Measurement and Prediction of Career Commitment", Journal of Occupational Psychology, 58: 277-288.
Boeren, E.; I. Nicaise & H. Baert (2010). "Theoretical Models of Participation in Adult Education: the Need for an Integrated Model",
 
International Journal of Lifelong Education, 29 (1): 45–61.
Boyce, L.A.; S.J. Zaccaro & M.Z. Wisecarver (2010). "Propensity for Self-Development of Leadership Attributes: Understanding, Predicting, and Supporting Performance of Leader Self-Development Performance", Leadership Quarterly, 21: 159-178.
Carson, K.D. & A.G. Bedian (1994). "Career Commitment: Construction of Ameasure and Examination of Psychometric Properties", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 44: 237-262.
Chang, E. (1999). "Career Commitment as a Complex Moderator of Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intention", Human Relations, 52: 1257-1277.
Curran, V.R.; I. Fleet & F. Kirby (2006). "Factors Influencing Rural Health Care Professionals Access to Continuing Professional Education", Australian Journal of Rural Health, 14: 51-55.
Darwish, A.Y. (2000). "The Islamic work Ethics as Mediator of the Relationship between Locus of Control, Role Conflict and Role Ambiguity", Journal of Managerial Psychology, 15(4): 283-302.
Davenport, T. & L. Prusak (1997). Working Knowledge, Boston, M.A: Harvard Business School Press.
Eisenberger, R.; R. Huntington, S. Hutchison & D. Sowa (1986). "Perceived Organizational Support", Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3): 500-507.
Ellinger, A.D. (2004). "The Concept of Self-directed Learning and its Implications for Human Resource Development", Advances in Developing Human Resources, 6: 158–177.
Fulmer, R.; P. Gibbs & B. Keys (1998). "The Second Generation Learning Organization: New Tools for Sustaining Competitive Advantage", Journal Organizational Dynamics, 27(2): 6-21
Garofano, C.M. & E. Salas (2005). "What Influences Continuous Employee Development Decisions?", Human Resource Management Review, 15: 281-304.
Garson, D. (2003). "Structural Equation Modeling", http://www2.chass.ncsu.edu/ garson/pa765/structur.htm
Gibb, S. (2006). Aesthetics and Human Resource Development; Connections and Concepts and Opportunities, London & New York, Routledge.
Goulet, L.R. & P. Singh (2002). "Career Commitment: A Reexamination and Extension", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61: 73–91.
Griscti, O. & Jacono (2006). "Effectiveness of Continuing Education Programs in Nursing: Literature Review", Journal of Advanced Nursing, 55: 449-456.
Hamers, J.PH.; H. Abu-Saad, RJG. Halfens & JNM. Schumacher (1994). "Factors Influencing Nurses’ Pain Assessment and Interventions in Children", Journal Adv Nurs, 20(5(
Harden, R.M. (2005). "A New Vision for Distance Learning and Continuing Medical Education", The Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 25: 43-51.
Henderson, A.; D. Creedy, R. Boorman, M. Cooke & R. Walker (2010). "Development and Psychometric Testing of the Clinical Learning Organizational Culture Survey (CLOCS)", Journal Nurse Education Today, 30(2): 598-602.
Hunter, K.H. (2011). "Organizational Support and Motivation Theories: Theoretical Integration and Empirical Analysis, Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy", Human Resource Management and Industrial Relations.
Hurtz, G.M. & K.J. Williams (2009). "Attitudinal and Motivational Antecedents of Participation in Voluntary Employee Development Activities", Journal of Applied Psychology, 94: 635–653.
Inge, P.; P. Rob & T.C. Olle (2013). "Nurses’ and Managers’ Perceptions of Continuing Professional Development for Older and Younger Nurses: A Focus Group Study", International Journal of Nursing Studies, 50: 34-43.
King, A.S.; B. Ehrhard & C. Parks (1998). "The Crescendo Effort in Career Motivation: Aneight Phase Model", International Journal of Management, 15(3): 302-311
London, M. (1983). "Toward a theory of Career Motivation", Academy of Management Review, 8: 620-630.
London, M. (1988). "Organizational Support for Employee’s Career Motivation: Aguide to Human Resource Strategies in Changing Business Conditions", Human Resource Planning, 11(1): 23-32.
London, M. (1993). "Relationships between Career Motivation, Empowerment and Support for Career Development", Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 65: 55-69.
London, M. (2002). "Organizational Assistance in Career Development", In D.C. Feldman (Ed.), Work Careers: A Developmental Perspective (P.323-345).
Maurer, T. & J. Palmer (1999). "Management Development Intentions Following Feedback:Role of Perceived Outcomes, Social Pressures and Control", Journal of Management Development, 18: 733-751.
Maurer, T.J.; E.M. Weiss & F.G. Barbeite (2003). "A Model of Involvement in Work-Related Learning and Development Activity: The Effects of Individual, Situational, Motivation, and Age Variables", Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(4): 707-724.
Maurer, T.J.; M. Lippstreu & T.A. Judge (2008). "Structural Model of Employee Involvement in Skill Development Activity: The Role of Individual Differences", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 72: 336-350.
Mikkelsen, A.; P. Saksvik, H. Eriksen & H. Ursin (1999). "The Impact of Learning Opportunities and Decision Authority on Occupational Health", Work Stress, 13: 20-31.
Noe, R.A. & S.L. Wilk (1993). "Investigation of the Factors that Influence Employees’ Participation in Development Activities", Journal of Applied Psychology, 78: 291-302.
Nunnally, J.C. & I.H. Bernstein (1994). Psychometric Theory, 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill Inc., New York.
O'Reilly, P. (1993). "Barriers to Effective Clinical Decision Making in Nursing", Available from: http://www.clininfo.health. nsw.gov.au/ hospolic/ tvincents/1993/a04. Html.
Orvis, K.A. & G.P. Leffler (2011). "Individual and Contextual Factors: An Interactionist Approach to Understanding Employee Self-Development", Journal Personality and Individual Differences, 51: 172-177.
Orvis, K.A. & K.L. Ratwani (2010). "Leader Self-Development: A Contemporary Context for Leader Development Evaluation", Leadership Quarterly, 21: 657-674.
O’Toole, J. & E.F. Lawler (2006). The New American Workplace, New York: NY: Palgrave MacMillan.
Pena, Y.F. & M.A. Castillo (2006). "Factors Influencing Nursing Staff Members Participation in Continuing Education", Available at: www.scielo.br/scielo.php.
Perreault, N.E. (2008). Impact of Organizational Jostice Perceptions on Participation in Career-Related Development Activities, Adissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, California State University.
Rothwell, A. & J. Arnold (2007). "Self-Perceived Employability: Development and Validation of Ascale", Journal of Personnel Review, 36(1): 23-41.
Rhoades, L. & R. Eisenberger (2002). "Perceived Organizational Support: Areview of the Literature", Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4): 698-714.
Ross, H.M. (2006). "The Use of Technology in Education and Professional Development for Health Care Providers", Available at: www.usask .ca/education/coursework/802papers /ross/ index.htm.
Shangwe, N.T. (2002). Quality Assurance: an Evaluation of the Quality of Nursing Care in Swaziland (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation), University of South Africa.
Tough, A. (1978). The Adult’s Learning Projects, Toronto: Ontario Institute for Studies in Education.
Walker, A. (1999). "Combating Age Discrimination at the Workplace", Experimental Aging Research, 25: 367-377.
Wang, G.G. &, JIA. Wang (2004), "Toward Atheory of Human Resource Development Learning Participation", Journal Human Resource Development Review, 3(4): 326-353.
Werner, J.M. & R.L. Desimon (2009). Human Resource Development, 5th ed. Australia: Thomson.
White, A. (2003). "Clinical Decision Making Among fourth-year Nursing Students: an Interpretive Study", Journal Nurs Educ, 42(3): 113-20.
Xu, Q. (2007). Apredictive Model of Employee Self-Development: The Effects of Individual and Contextual Variables, Dissertation for the Degree of Philosophy in Management, University of California.