Document Type : Descriptive

Authors

Abstract

We are living in an era that decentralization in administering countries is reckoned as the cause of many problems. In many societies, the increasing number of citizens and politicians believe that decentralization can make their society more stable, democratic and economically advanced. Therefore, the aim of this research is to examine the relationship between administrative decentralization and public governance and that how variables of public accountability and public trust can affect on this relationship. The research is a kind of descriptive study in type of survey. Statistical sample of the research included 300 people who were selected by multi-stages clustering sampling and based on Cochran's formula. SPSS software was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire and implementing descriptive statistics. Structural equations modeling method and software of Amos and Lisrel were utilized to test the research's hypotheses.  Results indicated that there is a relationship between administrative decentralization and public governance indirectly and through two moderator variables of public accountability and public trust.

Keywords

آذر، عادل و مؤمنی، منصور (1387). "آمار و کاربرد آن در مدیریت". تهران، سمت.
آون، هیوز (1392). "مدیریت دولتی نوین". ترجمه: الوانی، خلیلی شورینی و معمارزاده، چاپ دهم، تهران، انتشارات مروارید.
اشراقی، مرتضی (1391). "تثلیث اخلاق، وحدت". اعتماد عمومی، صفحه 79.
الوانی، سید مهدی (1379). "الگو­های پاسخگویی در مدیریت دولتی جدید". کنترولر، سال سوم، شماره 9 و 10، صفحات: 5-12.
الوانی، سیدمهدی و دانایی­فرد، حسن (1380). "مدیریت دولتی و اعتماد عمومی".  نشریه دانش مدیریت،  شماره 55، صفحات: 9-21.
پورعزت، علی­اصغر؛ قلی­پور، آرین و پیران­نژاد، علی(1388). "عدالت و اعتماد عمومی؛ ره­آورد حکومت الکترونیک". دوماهنامه علمی ـ پژوهشی دانشگاه شاهد، سال شانزدهم، شماره38، صفحات: 2-13.
خانباشی، محمد؛ زاهدی، شمس السادات و  رضایی، الهام (1390). "افزایش اعتماد عمومی بر پایه ارتقای فرهنگ پاسخ‌گویی". پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی، سال سوم، شماره‌ی5، صفحات: 69-77.
دانایی­فرد، حسن(1382). "طراحی مدلی برای تقویت اعتماد عمومی نسبت به مدیریت دولتی". رساله دکتری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی.
دانایی­فرد، حسن؛ الوانی، سید مهدی و آذر، عادل، (1388)، "روش‌شناسی پژوهش کمی در مدیریت: رویکردی جامع". تهران، صفار.
زارعی، محمدحسین (1383). "حکمرانی خوب، حاکمیت و حکومت در ایران". مجله تحقیقات حقوقی، شماره 40، صفحات: 155- 199.
شهبازی، مهدی، درویش، حسن، زارعی، فرهاد (1391)، "فصلنامه مدیریت سازمانهای دولتی" سال اول، شماره 1، پاییز 91، صفحه، 61.
طباطبایی مؤتمنی، منوچهر (1387). "حقوق اداری". تهران، انتشارات سمت.
فیضی، طاهره؛ موغلی، علیرضا؛ گرامی­پور، مسعود و زارع، رضا، (زیر چاپ). "طراحی و تبیین مدل حاکمیت عمومی: موردمطالعه سازمان‌های دولتی استان فارس". نشریه مدیریت فردا.
قاسمی، وحید (1389). "مدل‌سازی معادله ساختاری در پژوهش اجتماعی". تهران، جامعه شناسان.
له­وی، پل اس و لمیشو، استنلی (1381). "نمونه‌گیری: روش­ها و کاربرد". ترجمه گیتی مختاری امیرمجدی، انتشارات ستایش، تهران. 
Agrawal, A. & Ribot. J. C. (2000). "Accountability in Decentralization: A Framework with South Asian and African Cases". Journal of Developing Areas, Vol. 33, Summer, pp. 473–502.
Altmann, J., Carino, L., Flaman, R. & Schulz, I. (2005). “The Undp Role in Decentralization And Local Governance: A Joint Undp–Government of  Germany Evaluation". New York, Evaluation Office United Nations Development Program.
Aucoin, P. & Heintzman, R. (2000). "The Dialectic of Accountability for Performance in Public Management Reform, International of Accountability For Performance In Public Management Reform". International Review of Administrative Science. 66, 45-55.
Bardhan, P. & Mookherjee, D. (2006). "Decentralisation and Accountability in Infrastructure Delivery in Developing Countries". The Economic Journal, 116 (January), 101–127.
Barnett, Camille Cates., Minis, Henry P., VanSant, Jerry., (1997). “Democratic Decentralization, Research Triangle Institute". http://www.rti.org/pubs/democr_decen.pdf.
Belanger, E. & Nadeau, R. (2005). “Political Trust and the Vote in Multiparty Elections, The Canadian Case”. European Journal of Political Research 44.
Bouckaert, Geert & Van de Walle, Steven. (2001). "Quality of Public Service Delivery and Trust in Government". In Governing Networks EGPA yearbook, ed. A. Salminen, 299-318.
Bovaird, T. & Löffler, El. (2003). “Evaluating the Quality of Public Governance: Indicators, Models and Methodologies". IRAS September 2003: Symposium Evaluating the Quality of Governance pp:1-25.
Bovens, M. (2003).  "Public Accountability". Paper for the EGPA Annual Conference, Oeiras Portugal September 3-6, 2003. https://www.law.kuleuven.be/integriteit/egpa/previous-egpa conferences/lisbon-2003/bovens.pdf.
Bovens, M. (2005). "Public Accountability". In E. Ferlie, L. Lynne, & C. Pollit (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Public Management. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 182–208.
Braithwaite, J. (1998). “Institutionalizing Distrust, Enculturating Trust, in Trust and Governance". J. Braithwaite and M. Levi (eds.) New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 343-75.
Charlick, R. (1992). "The Concept of Governance and its Implications for A.I.D. Development Assistance Program in Africa". ARD, Washington D.C.
Cheema, G. Shabbir & Popovski, Vesselin  (2007). “Building Trust in Government: Innovations in Governance Reform in Asia”.  http://archive.unu.edu/unupress/ sample-chapters/BuildingTrustInGovt.pdf.
Cohen, J. M. & Peterson, S. B. (1999). “Administrative Decentralization: Strategies for Developing Countries". United Nations, Kumarian Press.
Drechsler, W. (2004). "Governance and Good Governance and Government". Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, Vol. 8, No. 4.
Dubnick, M. (2005). “Accountability and the Promise of Performance: In Search of the Mechanisms". Public Performance and Management Review, 28 (3), 376– 417.
Erkkila, T. (2007). “Governance and Accountability: A Shift In Conceptualization". Public Administration Quarterly, This Paper was First Presented at the Annual Conference of European Group of Public Administration, 1-4. September 2007 in Ljubljana, Slovenia, pp. 1-39.
European Commission. (2007). "Supporting Decentralization and Local Governance in Third Countries". Brussels , Europe Aid Cooperation Office.
Feizy, T., Moghali. A., Gramipour, M. & Zare, R. (2015). “A Mixed Method Research for Finding A Model of Administrative Decentralization". International Journal of Asian Social Science, 5(8): 478-502. Available From: URL: http://www.aessweb.com/journals/August2015/5007/3119
Gray, A. & Jenkins, B. (1993). "Codes of Accountability in the New Public Sector". Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 6(3), 52-67.
Harlow, C. (2009). "Accountability in the European Union". Oxford: University Press.  
Hetherington, M. J. (2005). " Why Trust Matters: Declining Political Trust and the Demise of American Liberalism". Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Hetherington, M. J. (2005). "Why Trust Matters: Declining Political Trust and the Demise of American Liberalism". Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Hill, Carolyn J., Laurence, E. & Lynn, Jr. (2004). "Governance and Public Management, an Introduction". Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, Vol. 23, No. 1, 3–11.
Islam, A., Yilmaz, S. & Beris, Y. (2010). “How-To Note: A Framework to Assess Administrative Decentralization". http://siteresources.worldbank.org/Extsocial development/ Resources/ 244362-1164107274725/3182370-1164201144397/3187094 1277143060338/ Administrative_decentralization.pdf.
Jensen, L. (2001). "Image of Accountability in Danish Public Sector Reform". [online/http:/www.inpoma.net/search/poppers/sydny/lotte Jensen.Htm1].
Laan, B. (2003). "Audiing & Accountability in the European Union". Journal of European Public Policy, 10(5): 762-777.
Mainwaring, S.  (2003). "Democratic Accountability in Latin America". Oxford, Oxford University press.
Michalski, W., Miller, R. & Stevens, B. (2001). "Governance in the 21st Century: Power in the Global Knowledge Economy and Society In Governance in the 21st Century". Paris: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. pp: 7–26.
Mimicopoulos, M. (2007). “Public Governance Indicator: A Literature Review". New York: United Nation, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations publication.
Mulgan, R. (2000). “Accountability:  An Ever-Expanding Concept?". Public Administration, 78 (3): 555-573.
Mulgan, R. (2003). “One Cheer for Hierarchy-Accountability in Disjointed Governance". Political Science, 55 (2) 6-18.
Nyiri, Zsolt. (1998). “Decentralization and Good Governance: Ten Years of Hungarian Experience". http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/nispacee/unpan005561.pdf.
OPM & CIPFA (2004). "The Good Governance Standard for Public Services, The Independent Commission on Public Governance in Public Services". Hackney Press Ltd. www.opm.co.uk, www.cipfa.org.uk.
Pillay, S., (2004). "Corruption-The Challenge to Good Governance: A South African Perspective". International Journal of Public Sector Management, 17(6-7): 586-605.
Redburn, F. S. & Buss. T.F. (2004). “Modernizing Democracy: Citizen Participation in the Information Revolution, in Sound Governance: Policy and Administrative Innovations". A Farazmand (ed.) Westport, Conn.: Praeger: 155-169.
Rondinelli, D. & Cheema, Sh. (1983). “Implementing Decentralization Policies: An Introduction, in Decentralization and Development: Policy Implementation in Developing Countries". Beverly Hills, California: Sage.
Rothstein, B. & Stolle, D. (2003). "Social Capital, Impartiality and the Welfare State: An Institutional Approach”. in M. hooghe and D. Stolle (eds) Generating Social Capital: Civil Society and Institutions in Comparative Perspective. New York: Palgrave, pp. 191–210.
Rothstein, B. (2001). "Social Capital in the Social Democratic Welfare State". Political and Society,. 29:2, pp. 207–241.
Rucio, K. D. (1996). “Jay's Pirouette, or Why Poetical Trust is not the Same as Personal Trust". Administration & Society, 639-650.
Storm, K. & Lupia, A. (2003). "Parliamentary Democracy & Delegation". In K. Storm et al. (Eds). Delegaion & Accountability in Parliamentary Democracies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Thompson, D. F.  (2004). "Restoring Responsibility: Ethics in Government, Business and Healthcare". Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
UNDP (1998). “Decentralized Governance Monograph: A Global Sampling of Experiences". Management Development and Governance Division, Bureau for Policy Development, April, p.1- 6.
UNDP (2000). "The Impact of Participation in Local Governance:  A Synthesis of Nine Case Studies". Draft Report, Decentralized Governance Programme, 14 January, pp. 5-7.
UNDP (2007). "Public Governance Indicators: A Literature Review", NY, Division for Public Administration and Development Management Department of Economic and Social Affairs”. United Nations Publication .pp:1-50.
United Nations Development Program (1999). “Decentralized Governance Monograph: A Global Sampling of Experiences". Management Development and Governance Division, Bureau for Policy Development, p. 6.
United States Agency for International Development, (2009). “Democratic Decentralization Programing Handbook". Washington DC. USAID. http://capacity4dev.ec.europa.eu/system/files/file/19/07/2011_-_0957/8-usaid_decentralisation_programming_handbook.pdf.
Uslaner, E.M. (2002). "The Moral Foundations of Trust". New York: Cambridge University Press.
Van de Walle, S., Bouckaert, G., Kampen, Jarl, K. & Maddens, B. (2002). "Public Trust in Government". Public Management Institute, http://www.kuleuven.ac.be /io /trust.
VanSant, J. (1997).  "Governance as Stewardship". SICA Occasional PaperSeries, http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/nispacee/unpan005561.pdf.
Vengroff, R. & Ben Salem, H., (1992). "Assessing the Impact of Decentralization on Governance: a Comparative Methodological Approach and Application to Tunisia". Public Admin. & Dev. V.12, pp. 473-492.