ارائه مدل نوآوری مبتنی بر داده‌های دولتی باز با استفاده از نظریه داده‌بنیاد

سرائی, حامد; محمدیان, ایوب; خانی, ناصر

doi:10.30473/ipom.2024.69478.4901

نوع مقاله : علی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشـجوی دکتـری، گـروه مـدیریت، دانشـکده علـوم انسـانی، واحـد نجـفآبـاد، دانشـگاه آزاد اسـلامی، نجـفآبـاد، ایـران.

² دانشیار ، گروه مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

³ استادیار، گروه مدیریت، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران.

https://doi.org/10.30473/ipom.2024.69478.4901

چکیده

داده‌های دولتی با بودجه عمومی جمع‌آوری می‌شوند و در‌برگیرنده داده‌های ارزشمندی هستند که در صورت باز ‌شدن آن‌ها، قابل بهره‌برداری در حوزه‌های مختلف بوده و می‌توانند منشأ شکل‌گیری نوآوری باشند، ازاین‌رو، لازم است زمینه‌ها و عوامل مؤثر بر شکل‌گیری نوآوری مبتنی بر داده‌های دولتی باز (OGD) بررسی شود. سؤال اصلی پژوهش عبارت است از: «داده‌های دولتی باز چگونه منجر به خلق نوآوری می‌شوند؟»؛ به‌طوری که تلاش شده به 6 سؤال فرعی پژوهش در قالب: شرایط ‌علّی، شرایط ‌زمینه‌ای، پدیده ‌اصلی، شرایط‌ مداخله‌گر، راهبردها و پیامدها جهت شکل‌گیری نوآوری مبتنی بر OGD پاسخ داده شود. در پژوهش حاضر براساس روش آمیخته (کیفی–کمّی) ابتدا نظریه داده‌بنیاد مبتنی بر روش اشتراوس-کوربین استفاده شد و برای تحلیل کیفی داده‌های حاصل از مصاحبه‌ها کدگذاری سه ‌مرحله‌ای به‌ کار برده شد، سپس به کمک روش آنتروپی شانون، ارزیابی کمّی شده است. در مصاحبه با خبرگان براساس اصل کفایت داده‌ها تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری، تعداد 11‌ مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته به ‌صورت تعاملی انجام پذیرفت. براساس نتایج به‌ دست‌ آمده از روش مصاحبه و یافته‌های مراحل کیفی و کمّی، با کدگذاری سه‌ مرحله‌ای، تعداد 6‌ مقوله اصلی منطبق با سؤالات فرعی پژوهش و 20‌ مقوله فرعی دربردارنده 95 مفهوم استخراج شد. به ‌ازای هر مقوله اصلی، مقوله‌های فرعی و مفاهیم مستلزم توجه برای پژوهش‌های آتی پیشنهاد شد. الگوی نظری پیشنهادی نشان می‌دهد در صورتی که در گام اول، تدوین قوانین حمایتی این حوزه و مطالبه ذی‌نفعان برون‌سازمانی (شرایط ‌علّی) به‌درستی انجام پذیرد؛ و در گام دوم چنانچه به صورت هم‌زمان توسعه بازار و سرمایه‌گذاری (شرایط ‌زمینه‌ای)، تدوین سند حکمرانی داده (پدیده‌ اصلی) و بهره‌مندی از ظرفیت بخش ‌خصوصی در قالب‌PPP (شرط‌ مداخله‌گر) به‌درستی استفاده شود؛ در نتیجه در گام سوم، با به‌کارگیری انواع نوآوری‌ها (راهبردها)، تحقق پیامدهایی نظیر حل مشکلات «رکود کسب‌وکارهای خصوصی» و «بیکاری در جامعه»، همچنین شفافیت در سازمان حاصل می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

مدیریت دولتی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Presenting an Open Government Data driven Innovation Model using Grounded Theory

نویسندگان [English]

Hamed Saraee ¹
Ayoub Mohammadian ²
naser khani ³

¹ Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Management, Faculty of Humanities, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran.

² Associate Prof., Department of Information Technology Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

³ Assistant Prof., Department of Management, Faculty of Humanities, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Government data collected from public funds and contains valuable data, if opened, can be usable in various areas, can stimulate innovation. It is necessary to investigate contexts and factors affecting the Open Government Data driven Innovation (OGDI). The main question of research is: How does open government data lead to the creation of innovation? So that, trying to answer six sub-questions consisting: causal conditions, background conditions, intervening conditions, main phenomenon, strategies, and consequences about OGDI. This research, according to mixed method (qualitative-quantitative), first used the grounded theory based on Strauss-Corbin method; then due to qualitative analysis of data obtained from interviews, three-stage coding was used; next a quantitatively evaluated done by using Shannon's entropy method. Based on data sufficiency principle, up to theoretical saturation stage, 11 semi-structured interactive interviews with experts were done. Due to results obtained from interviews, 6 main categories according to the sub-questions of the research, and 20 sub-categories containing 95 concepts were extracted. Attention requirements per each main categories, subcategories and concepts were suggested for future research. Proposed theoretical model shows that, at first step, if "setting of supporting laws for OGDI", and "the demands of external stakeholders" (causal conditions) are done correctly; and at second step if simultaneously "market development and investment in OGDI" (context conditions), "drafting the data governance document" (main phenomenon), and "utilizing the capacity of the private sector in form of PPP"(intervention condition), executed correctly; also in third step, by using all types of innovation (strategy), it will achieve consequences such as transparency in the organization, solving "stagnation of private businesses" and "unemployment in society" problems.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

E-Government
Open Government Data
Innovations

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مدیریت سازمان‌های دولتی

ارائه مدل نوآوری مبتنی بر داده‌های دولتی باز با استفاده از نظریه داده‌بنیاد

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 12، شماره1 (پیاپی 45) - شماره پیاپی 45
دی 1402
صفحه 111-132

ارائه مدل نوآوری مبتنی بر داده‌های دولتی باز با استفاده از نظریه داده‌بنیاد

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 12، شماره1 (پیاپی 45) - شماره پیاپی 45دی 1402صفحه 111-132

دوره 12، شماره1 (پیاپی 45) - شماره پیاپی 45
دی 1402
صفحه 111-132