با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن مدیریت دولتی ایران و انجمن مدیریت رفتار سازمانی

نوع مقاله : اکتشافی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

2 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مدیریت دولتی (گرایش توسعه منابع انسانی)، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

3 دکتری، گروه مدیریت رسانه، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

یکی ‌از ‌انواع‌ حاد ‌سوءرفتارهای ‌سازمانی‌ و ‌بین فردی در ارتباطات، پدیده گس‌لایتینگ است که ‌به‌ مفهوم‌ سوءاستفاده عاطفی‌ ‌از‌ یک فرد ‌یا ‌به نوعی‌ آزار ‌و ‌اذیت ‌روانی ‌فرد ‌توسط‌ عده‌ای ‌دیگر‌ است که‌ از طریق ایجاد ‌فشارهای ‌روانی‌ بر ‌فرد‌ مورد نظر ‌باعث ‌‌‌ایجاد‌ خلل‌ در ‌انجام‌  وظایف‌ سازمانی ‌می‌شود. بنابراین، هدف پژوهش حاضر تحلیل ادراک و تجربه زیسته کارکنان از پدیده گس‌لایتینگ در روابط سازمانی در سازمان‌های دولتی شهر کرمانشاه است. بدین منظور با بهره‌گیری از روش کیفی و با رویکرد پدیدارشناسی به فهم و شناسایی پدیده گس‌لایتینگ در روابط سازمانی پرداخته شد. مشارکت‌کنندگان در پژوهش را تمامی کارکنان سازمان‌های دولتی شهر کرمانشاه تشکیل داده که با شیوه نمونه‌گیری هدفمند، تعداد 20 مصاحبه تا رسیدن به مرحله اشباع داده‌ها انجام شد. از ضریب توافق بین دو کدگذار برای بررسی پایایی و از طریق بررسی همکاران و مشارکت کنندگان جهت روایی کدهای احصاء شده استفاده شد. نتایج کدگذاری حاصل از تحلیل محتوای مصاحبه‌ها نشان داد که پدیده گس‌لایتینگ شامل 18 مقوله اصلی است و در 4 حوزه مختلف دیده می‌شود. اولین حوزه مربوط به مدیریت و رهبری است که دارای مقوله‌هایی مانند: ناتوانی مدیر در پذیرش اشتباهات، عدم پذیرش مسئولیت خود، محدودیت در تصمیم‌گیری، عدم پذیرش نظرات دیگران، و کنار گذاشتن احساسات است. دومین حوزه ارتباطات و تعاملات اجتماعی است که دارای مقوله‌هایی مانند: کنترل روابط اجتماعی، پخش اطلاعات نادرست، ایجاد عدم اطمینان و تردید در فرد، پنهان‌کاری، و استفاده از حس غم و ناامیدی است. سومین حوزه رفتارهای مدیریتی و شغلی است که دارای مقوله‌های رفتارهای سرزنشگری، رفتار ماکیاولی، قلدری، انتقادات مداوم، پروژه‌کردن رفتارها، و استفاده از احساسات گذشته است. چهارمین حوزه روان‌شناختی است که در آن مقوله‌های کنترل در زندگی شخصی کارکنان، و رفتارهای سرزنشی قرار می‌گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Understanding the Phenomenon of Gaslighting in Organizational Relationships

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Yasini 1
  • Mohammad Adinehvand 2
  • Mahmoudreza Kabiri Yeganeh 3

1 Associate Professor, Department of Managemen, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.

2 MSc Student, Department of Management (Human Resource Development), Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.

3 Ph.D, Department of Media Management, Branch Science and Research Tehran, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

One of the acute forms of organizational and interpersonal misconduct in communication is the phenomenon of gaslighting, which refers to the emotional abuse of an individual or a type of psychological harassment inflicted by others. This is achieved through the imposition of psychological pressures on the targeted individual, resulting in a disruption of their organizational duties. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to analyze employees' perceptions and lived experiences of gaslighting in organizational relationships within government organizations in Kermanshah city. To this end, a qualitative research method employing a phenomenological approach was utilized to understand and identify the phenomenon of gaslighting in organizational contexts. The participants in the study consisted of employees from various government organizations in Kermanshah, with a total of 20 interviews conducted using purposive sampling until data saturation was achieved. The inter-rater agreement coefficient was utilized to assess reliability, while validity of the identified codes was ensured through peer review and participant feedback. The results of the content analysis coding revealed that the phenomenon of gaslighting encompasses 18 main categories, which can be categorized into four distinct areas. The first area pertains to management and leadership, which includes categories such as: the manager's inability to accept mistakes, lack of personal accountability, limitations in decision-making, non-acceptance of others' opinions, and dismissal of emotions. The second area relates to communication and social interactions, which includes categories such as: controlling social relationships, disseminating misinformation, instilling uncertainty and doubt in the individual, concealment, and exploiting feelings of sadness and despair. The third area encompasses managerial and professional behaviors, which includes categories such as: blame-oriented behaviors, Machiavellian conduct, bullying, persistent criticism, projecting behaviors, and utilizing past emotions. The fourth area is psychological, which encompasses categories such as controlling employees' personal lives and blame-related behaviors.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Emotional abuse
  • Gaslighting
  • Emotional blackmail
  • Organizational communication
  • Phenomenology
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