با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن مدیریت دولتی ایران و انجمن مدیریت رفتار سازمانی

نوع مقاله : اکتشافی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت دولتی، گرایش توسعه منابع انسانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران.

چکیده

هدف از توسعه گراندد تئوری ساخت نظریه بر اساس داده‌ها است سه رویکرد قبلی گراندد تئوری دارای ضعف‌های عملیاتی بارزی است. برای پوشش ضعف‌های عملیاتی رویکردهای قبلی و احصای شکاف‌های آن‌ها چهارمین رویکرد به گراندد تئوری تحت عنوان رویکرد کوانتومی ارائه شد. هدف این تحقیق این است نشان دهد رویکرد کوانتومی در عمل کارایی لازم را دارد و ضعف‌های رویکردهای پیشین را پوشش داده است. در نتیجه یک کیس مطالعاتی مدیریتی با رویکرد کوانتومی تست خواهد شد تا کارایی این رویکرد در عمل اثبات گردد. در رویکردهای قبلی ضعف‌های عملیاتی در جایگاه ادبیات تحقیق در نظریه‌پردازی، سردرگمی در کشف کدهای باز، بی‌توجهی به جامعه مورد مطالعه و بستر مطالعه وجود داشت که فقط از جنبه تئوریکی کارآمد به نظر می‌رسید اما در عمل محقق را سردرگم می‌ساخت. برای گذر از این ضعف، رویکرد کوانتومی به گراندد تئوری ارائه شد که مبتنی بر چهار مرحله کدگذاری و دوازده گام اساسی است که اساس این رویکرد نظریه درهم تنیدگی کوانتومی است که اشاره به این دارد که حول هسته اتم الکترون‌ها جدا از اثرگذاری بر هسته اتم دارای رفتار متضاد با یکدیگر هستند. یافته‌ها نشان داد که با عاریه گرفتن از این نظریه این نتیجه حاصل شد که مقوله محوری حاصل اثرگذاری عواملی است که دارای رفتار متضاد با یکدیگر هستند یعنی دودسته عوامل سازنده و عوامل بازدارنده. در نهایت الگویی براساس شکل کوانتومی اتم برای این رویکرد ارائه شد. همچنین یافته‌های کیس مطالعاتی نشان داد از جنبه مثبت 44 کلان داده اولیه، 98 داده خرد، 38 کلان داده ثانویه و 5 ابر داده شناسایی شد. همچنین از جنبه منفی 13 کلان داده اولیه، 32 داده خرد، 11 کلان داده ثانویه و 2 ابر داده شناسایی شد. نتایج نشان داد که مهارت مدیریتی، نگرش مدیریتی و هوش مدیریتی جزء عوامل تشکیل‌دهنده، تفکر مدیریتی و آگاهی مدیریتی جزء عوامل تسهیلگر، شخصی‌سازی جزء عوامل بازدارنده و مصلحت‌اندیشی جزء عوامل تعدیلگر قرار گرفت. همچنین راهبردها، موانع، پیامدهای شکل‌گیری و پیامدهای عدم شکل‌گیری شناسایی شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Fourth Approach to Grounded Theory; Grounded Quantum Theory in Practice

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehran Mesri 1
  • Reza sepahvand 2

1 1. Ph.D Student Department of Public Administration, Human Resources Development, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.

2 Professor, Department of Business Administration, Lorestan University, Khorram Abad, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The purpose of developing grounded theory is to build a theory based on data. The three previous approaches of grounded theory have obvious operational weaknesses. In order to cover the operational weaknesses of previous approaches and quantify their gaps, a fourth approach to grounded theory was presented under the title of quantum approach. The aim of this research is to show that the quantum approach has the necessary efficiency in practice and has covered the weaknesses of previous approaches. In the previous approaches, there were operational weaknesses in the place of research literature in theorizing, confusion in the discovery of open codes, inattention to the studied society and the study platform, which seemed efficient only from a theoretical aspect, but in practice confused the researcher. Method: To overcome this weakness, a quantum approach to ground theory was presented, which is based on four stages of coding and twelve basic steps, which is based on the theory of quantum entanglement, which indicates that electrons around the nucleus of the atom apart from affecting The nucleus of the atom has opposite behavior to each other. Findings: Borrowing from this theory, it was concluded that the central category is the result of the effects of factors that have opposing behavior with each other, that is, two categories of constructive factors and inhibitory factors. Finally, a model based on the quantum shape of the atom was presented for this approach. Also, the case study findings showed that 44 primary big data, 98 micro data, 38 secondary big data and 5 super data were identified from the positive side. Also, on the negative side, 13 primary big data, 32 small data, 11 secondary big data and 2 super data were identified. Results: The results showed that managerial skill, managerial attitude, and managerial intelligence were among the constituent factors, managerial thinking and managerial awareness were among the facilitating factors, personalization was among the inhibiting factors, and expediency was among the moderating factors. Also, strategies, obstacles, consequences of formation and consequences of non-formation were identified

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grounded Theory
  • Quantum Entanglement
  • Grounded Theory Quantum Approach
Afshar, Z.,  & Tabar, M.M. (2023). Application of Grounded Theory in Critical Realism Research Method in Critical Realism, Metodology of Sicial Science and Humanities, 29(115), 31-41. Dor: 10.30471/mssh.2023.8734.2348
Al-Thaqafi, A., Hassan, A.-F., & Jarad, F. (2024). Role of Modern Management and Managerial Experience in Improving the Management of Government Organizations: by Applying to Ministry of Education in Taif. International Journal of Financial, Administrative, and Economic Sciences, 3(8), 96–137. https://doi.org/10.59992/ijfaes.2024.v3n8p3
Birks, M., & Mills, J. (2015). Grounded theory: A practical guide. Sage.‏
Charmaz, K. (2004). Premises, Principles, and Practices in Qualitative Research: Revisiting the Foundations. Qualitative Health Research, 14(7), 976–993. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732304266795
Charmaz, K. (2015). Grounded theory. Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods, 3, 53-84.‏
Charmaz, K. (2021). The genesis, grounds, and growth of constructivist grounded theory. In Developing grounded theory (pp. 153-187). Routledge.‏
Charmaz, K. (n.d.). 32 Qualitative Interviewing and Grounded Theory Analysis. Handbook of Interview Research, 675–694. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412973588.d39
Charmaz, K., & Henwood, K. (2017). Grounded Theory Methods for Qualitative Psychology. The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research in Psychology, 238–252. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526405555.n14
Corbin, J. M. (1993). Response to “Operationalizing the Corbin & Strauss Trajectory Model for Elderly Clients with Chronic Illness.” Scholarly Inquiry for Nursing Practice, 7(4), 265–268. https://doi.org/10.1891/0889-7182.7.4.265
Corbin, J. M. (1998). The Corbin and Strauss chronic illness trajectory model: an update. Research and Theory for Nursing Practice, 12(1), 33.‏
Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2014). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. Sage publications.‏
Fathi Najafi, T., Latifnejad Roudsari, R.  (2016). The Role of Observation in Grounded Theory: A Narrative Review, Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences, 5(2), 221-229.
FitzGerald, J., & Mills, J. (2022). The importance of ethnographic observation in Grounded Theory Research.‏
Glaser, B. G. (1978). Theoretical sensitivity: Advances in the methodology of grounded theory. Mill Valley, CA: Sociology Press.
Mahajan, S. D. (2022). Kintsugi mind: clinicians can emerge from the pandemic whole. International Journal of Whole Person Care, 9(1), 18–19. https://doi.org/10.26443/ijwpc.v9i1.324
Makri, C., & Neely, A. (2021). Grounded Theory: A Guide for Exploratory Studies in Management Research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069211013654
Masud, A., Borham, A. H., Huda, M., Rahim, M. M. A., & Husain, H. (2024). Managing Information Quality for Learning Instruction: Insights from Public Administration Officers’ Experiences and Practices. In Proceedings of the Computational Methods in Systems and Software (pp. 41-49). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.‏ https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54820-8_5
Mohajan, H. K., & Mohajan, D. (2023). Glaserian Grounded Theory and Straussian Grounded Theory: Two Standard Qualitative Research Approaches in Social Science. Journal of Economic Development, Environment and People, 12(1), 72–81. https://doi.org/10.26458/jedep.v12i1.794
Olvera, J. G., & Avellaneda, C. N. (2019). Subnational Government Performance: Testing Multiple Dimensions of Governors’ Experience. Public Administration Review, 79(3), 383–398. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13035
Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452230153
Qureshi, H. A., & Ünlü, Z. (2020). Beyond the Paradigm Conflicts: A Four-Step Coding Instrument for Grounded Theory. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 19. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406920928188
Safargholi, A. (2024). International experience of a manager; toward a new conceptualization. International Business Review, 33(4), 102290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2024.102290
Salari, A.M., &   Ebrahimi, N. (2019). Providing a model for editing managers' experiences.  National Defense Strategic Management Studies, 3(10) 361-387. Dor: 20.1001.1.74672588.1398.3.10.12.6
Subjects, H. (2020). Methods of teaching lateral thinking in the elementary school curriculum. Research in curriculum studies, 1(1), 84-96. doi: 10.48310/jcdr.2022.2369
Syed, M. (2023). Black box thinking : why most people never learn from their mistakes-but some do. (Translated by Sogol Qashqai, Milkan Publications: Tehran.
Thornberg, R. (2017). Grounded Theory. The BERA/SAGE Handbook of Educational Research: Two Volume Set, 355–375. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781473983953.n18
Tkachenko, A. (2023). Administrative experience of a. makarenkо in forming the legal competence of future educational managers. Vitoki Pedagogìčnoï Majsternostì, 31, 234–239. https://doi.org/10.33989/2075-146x.2023.31.283435
Urcia, I. A. (2021). Comparisons of Adaptations in Grounded Theory and Phenomenology: Selecting the Specific Qualitative Research Methodology. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 20(1),   160940692110454. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069211045474