با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن مدیریت دولتی ایران و انجمن مدیریت رفتار سازمانی

نوع مقاله : اکتشافی

نویسندگان

استادیار، گروه مدیریت، واحد میانه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میانه، ایران.

چکیده

در دنیای پیچیده و پویای سازمانی امروز، رفتار کارکنان به‌عنوان یکی از عوامل کلیدی موفقیت سازمان‌ها شناخته می‌شود. این پژوهش با هدف واکاوی سازوکارهای ارتقای عملکرد در سازمان‌های دولتی ایران و بررسی تأثیر تلنگرهای سازمانی بر رفتار کارکنان انجام شد. روش تحقیق، کیفی و از نوع تحلیل مضمون بود. داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختاریافته با ۵۰ مشارکت‌کننده، مشاهده مستقیم و تحلیل اسناد جمع‌آوری شدند. تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل مضمون و با کمک نرم‌افزار MAXQDA انجام شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد که تلنگرهای سازمانی از طریق پنج سازوکاراصلی-محیطی، اجتماعی، روان‌شناختی، فرهنگی و فناورانه—رفتار کارکنان را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهند. سازوکارهای محیطی با تغییر در طراحی محیط کار و ساده‌سازی فرایندها، فشار روانی کارکنان را کاهش و بهره‌وری را افزایش می‌دهند. سازوکار‌های اجتماعی از هنجارهای گروهی و تأیید اجتماعی برای ترغیب کارکنان به رفتارهای مطلوب استفاده می‌کنند. سازوکارهای روان‌شناختی با بهره‌گیری از سوگیری‌های شناختی و اثر چارچوب‌بندی، تصمیم‌گیری کارکنان را بهبود می‌بخشند. سازوکار‌های فرهنگی براساس ارزش‌ها و باورهای سازمانی عمل می‌کنند و سازوکار‌های فناورانه از ابزارهای دیجیتال برای ارائه تلنگرها استفاده می‌کنند. نتایج نشان داد که ویژگی‌های فرهنگی و ساختاری سازمان‌ها به‌طور قابل‌توجهی بر کارآمدی تلنگرها تأثیر می‌گذارند. در نهایت، پیشنهاد می‌شود سازمان‌ها تلنگرهایی طراحی کنند که با فرهنگ‌سازمانی همسو بوده و از فناوری‌های نوین برای افزایش اثربخشی استفاده نمایند. مشارکت کارکنان در طراحی و اجرای تلنگرها و ارزیابی مستمر اثربخشی آن‌ها نیز می‌تواند به بهبود عملکرد سازمانی کمک کند. این پژوهش با ارائه راهکارهای عملی، به مدیران سازمان‌های دولتی کمک می‌کند تا با استفاده از تلنگرهای مؤثر، رفتار کارکنان را در راستای اهداف سازمانی هدایت کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis and Design of a Model for Performance Improvement Mechanisms in Iranian Governmental Organizations

نویسندگان [English]

  • Davoud Haghkhah
  • Roghayeh Hasanzadeh

Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In today's complex and dynamic organizational world, employee behavior is recognized as one of the key factors for organizational success. This study aimed to analyze the mechanisms for improving performance in Iranian governmental organizations and to examine the impact of organizational nudges on employee behavior. The research employed a qualitative approach using thematic analysis. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 50 participants, direct observation, and document analysis. Data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis with the assistance of MAXQDA software. The findings revealed that organizational nudges influence employee behavior through five main mechanisms: environmental, social, psychological,cultural,and technological. Environmental mechanisms reduce employee stress and increase productivity by altering workplace design and simplifying processes. Social mechanisms utilize group norms and social approval to encourage desirable behaviors among employees. Psychological mechanisms improve decision-making by leveraging cognitive biases and framing effects. Cultural mechanisms operate based on organizational values and beliefs, while technological mechanisms use digital tools to deliver nudges. The results indicated that cultural and structural characteristics of organizations significantly influence the effectiveness of nudges. For example, nudges aligned with traditional and cultural values are more likely to be accepted by employees, whereas those in conflict with these values may face resistance. Finally, it is recommended that organizations design nudges that align with their cultural context and utilize modern technologies to enhance effectiveness. Involving employees in the design and implementation of nudges, along with continuous evaluation of their effectiveness, can also contribute to improving organizational performance.This study provides practical recommendations for managers in governmental organizations to effectively guide employee behavior toward organizational goals using well-designed nudges.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Organizational Nudges
  • Environmental Mechanisms
  • Social Mechanisms
  • Psychological Mechanisms
  • Cultural Mechanisms
  • Technological Mechanisms
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