ریخت‌شناسی پدیدة انتظار خاموش از دیدگاه کارگزاران در وزارت کشور

قاسم‌پور, حامد; موسوی, سیدنجم الدین; شیری, اردشیر; سپهوند, رضا; ویسه, صید مهدی

doi:10.30473/ipom.2023.69102.4888

نوع مقاله : اکتشافی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشجوی دکتری،گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران.

² استاد، گروه مدیریت، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد ایران.

³ دانشیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

⁴ استاد، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران.

⁵ دانشیار، گروه، مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه ایلام، شهر ایلام، ایران.

https://doi.org/10.30473/ipom.2023.69102.4888

چکیده

ا
انتظار خاموش سربرآورده از تلنبار تجربه‌های ناخوشایند از شریان‌های مسموم‌ساز در کالبد سازمان‌هاست که برخی از کارمندان را به‌اجبار به ادامة زندگی اداری با پنهان‌سازی انتظارها، استراتژی‌ها و تاکتیک‌ها سوق می‌دهد. از این‌رو، از آنجا که در باب این پدیده، سکوتی عمیق فضای مطالعاتی دانش مدیریت رفتار سازمانی را فراگرفته است؛ این پژوهش درصدد است تا با ریخت‌شناسی پدیده لایه‌های پیدا و ناپیدایی آن را در بافت استانداری‌های غرب کشور هویدا سازد. این جستار، بر پایة ر‌وش‌شناسی آمیختة اکتشافی استوار است. در بخش کیفی از روی‌آورد نظریة مبنایی رویکرد ساما‌ن‌مند استفاده شده و در فاز کمی برای اعتبارسنجی و تعمیم‌پذیری آن از آزمون تی‌تک‌نمونه‌ای بهره گرفته شده است. مشارکت‌کنندگان در پژوهش تعداد 18 نفر از حاذقان در بستر مورد مطالعه بودند که از رهگذر روش نمونه‌گیری نظری به مشارکت در پژوهش دعوت شدند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد در عمیق‌ترین لایة مفهومی پدیدة انتظار خاموش پیش‌ران‌های هراس اداری، پیشه‌سازان خاموشی، صبر استراتژیک و موقعیت‌شناسی زیرکانه جای گرفته‌اند و ظاهری‌ترین لایه در قالب رفتارهایی از قبیل رادارگریزی، سالوس‌گرایی و تخریب‌گرایی رخ می‌نماید. همچنین، نتایج اعتبارسنجی مدل از طریق آزمون تی‌تک نمونه‌ای نشان داد که از نظر خبرگان، مدل مفهومی از اعتبار نظری برخوردار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

مدل سازی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Morphology of Expectancy Silence Phenomenon from the Perspective of Ministry of Interior Officials

نویسندگان [English]

Hamed Ghasempour ¹
Seyyed Najmaddin Mousavi ²
Ardeshir Shiri ³
Reza Sepahvand ⁴
Seyed Mehdi Veiseh ⁵

¹ Ph.D. Student, Department of Management, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.

² Professor, Department of Administration, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.

³ Associate Professor, Department of Public Administration, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.

⁴ Professor, Department of Public Administration, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.

⁵ Assistant Professor, Department of Public Administration, University of Ilam, Ilam, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The Expectancy Silence is the result of the barrage of unpleasant experiences from the poisoned arteries in the body of organizations, which forces some employees to continue office life by hiding expectations, strategies and tactics. Therefore, since about this phenomenon, a deep silence has covered the study space of organizational behavior management knowledge; This research aims to reveal the phenomenon of visible and invisible layers in the context of western governorates of the country (including Ilam, Kermanshah, Lorestan, Kurdistan and Hamedan) through morphology. This essay is based on exploratory mixed methodology. In the qualitative part, the basic theory of the systematic approach was used, and in the quantitative phase, the one-sample t-test was used for its validation and generalizability. The participants in the research were 18 students who were invited to participate in the research through the theoretical sampling method. The results of the research showed that in the deepest conceptual layer of the phenomenon of Expectancy Silence, the driving forces of administrative panic, quiet professions, strategic patience and shrewd situationalism are located, and the most superficial layer occurs in the form of behaviors such as radar avoidance, salaciousness and destructiveness. Also, the results of the validation of the model through the T-Tech test showed that, according to the experts, the conceptual model has theoretical validity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Expectancy Silence
Strategic patience
Stealth

مراجع

Alizadeh, F., & Hadavinejad, M. (2019). Process Mining for Anti-Elitism in an Organization based on Interpretive Mapping Design of Grounded Theory. ORMR. 9(1), 165-183. DOR. 20.1001.1.22286977.1398.9.1.8.7 (In Persian)

Asadi, E., Kushki Jahromi, A. R., Banshi, E., & Sadeghi, R. (2020). Iranian public manager's competency model. Interdisciplinary Studies on Strategic Knowledge, 3(10), 197-226. DOR.20.1001.1.74672588.1398.3.10.7.1 (In Persian)

Beheshtifar, M., Borhani, H., & Moghadam, M. N. (2012). Destructive role of employee silence in organizational success. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2(1), 275-282. (In Persian)

Bisel, R. S., & Arterburn, E. N. (2012). Making sense of organizational members’ silence: A sensemaking-resource model. Communication Research Reports, 29(3), 217-226. https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2012.684985

Brouer, R. L., Harris, K. J., & Kacmar, K. M. (2011). The moderating effects of political skill on the perceived politics–outcome relationships. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 32(6), 869-885. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.718

Brummett, B. (1980). Towards a theory of silence as a political strategy. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 66(3), 289–303. https://doi.org/10.1080/00335638009383527

Chen, Y. Y., & Fang, W. (2008). The moderating effect of impression management on the organizational politics-performance relationship. Journal of Business Ethics, 79(3), 263-277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9379-3

Chris, W., Lewis, A. F., Ceri Hughes, Dhavan V. Shah, Jiyoun Suk, Wagner, W., M. (2021). News Media Use, Talk Networks, and AntiElitism across Geographic Location: Evidence from Wisconsin. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 26(2), 182-199. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161220985128

Civelek, M. E., Asci, M. S., & Cemberci, M. (2016). Identifying Silence Climate in Organizations in the Framework of Contemporary Management Approaches. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478), 4(4), 36-44.

Cohen, R.L. Justice (1990). Voice and silence. Paper presented at: International Conference on Social Science and Social Dilemmas, Utrecht.

Creed, D. (2003). Voice Lessons: Tempered Radicalism and the Use of Voice and Silence. Journal of Management Studies, 40(6), 1503-1536. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.00389

Dedahanov, A. T., Lee, D. H., & Rhee, J. (2016). Silence as a mediator between organizational factors and stress. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 31(8), 1251-1264. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-09-2014-0265

Faeq, N. A . (2020). Silence or Deliberate Disciplinary Silentness an analytical study. Journal of Juridical and Political Science, 9(2), 291-353.

Farhadinejad, M., Leilidoost, F., & Hassani M. (2022). Examining the current situation and drawing the desired situation of the appointment system in Iranian government organizations. ORMR, 12(2), 85-110. 20.1001.1.22286977.1401.12.2.5.7 (In Persian)

Ferris, G. R., Treadway, D. C., Perrewe, P. L., Brouer, R. L., Douglas, C., & Lux, S. (2007). Political ´ skill in organizations. Journal of Management. 33. 290-320. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630730081

Ghasempour, H. Shiri, A., & Yasini, A. (2021). Designing and Evaluating a Conceptual Model of Trained Incapacity in Public Organizations. Journal of Resource Studies, 11(40), 24-49. DOI: 10.22034/JHRS.2021.134033 (In Persian)

Ghasempour, H. Shiri, A., & Yasini, A. (2021). Understanding the Phenomenon of Trained Incapacity and Identifying its Fusion Factors in Government Organizations. Public Administration Perspective, 12(46), 52-76. DOI:10.48308/JPAP.2021.101607 (In Persian)

Greenberg, J., Edwards, M. (2009).Voice and Silence in Organizations.

Hadavinejad, M., & Amirkhanloue, M. (2016). Hypocrisy in Organization Unveiled Through Phenomenography: An Understanding of Triangulated Understandings. Organization Culture Management, 14 (1), 249-278. 10.22059/JOMC.2016.56515 (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v4i4.17

Imran, A., & Nouman, M.. (2017). Mediated Model of Defensive Silence: An Empirical Case of the Banking Sector in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences, 10(1) 178-191.

Jiang, Z., Hu, X., Wang, Z., Jiang, X. (2019). Knowledge hiding as a barrier to thriving: The mediating role of psychological safety and moderating role of organizational cynicism. J. Organ. Behav, 40, 800-818. DOI:10.1002/job.2358

Jungkunz V., (2013). Deliberate Silences. Journal of Public Deliberation, 9(1),4-30 doi: https://doi.org/10.16997/jdd.154

Jungkunz, V. (2013). "Deliberate Silences," Journal of Public Deliberation: 9. 1.

Kacmar, K. M., Bozeman, D. P., Carlson, D. S., & Anthony, W. P. (1999). An examination of the Perceptions of Organizational Politics Model: Replication and extension. Human Relations, 52(3), 383-416. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016949222512

Kacmar, K. M., Ferris, G. R. P. (1991). Perceptions of Organizational Politics Scale (POPS): Development and Construct Validation. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 51(1) 193-205. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164491511019

Khalili, K., Ghasempour, H., Homili, S. (2019). Favoritism and Job Performance: with Explaining the Role of Mediator Organization Trust (The case of: The headquarters of the Central Staff of the University of Medical Sciences of Ilam). Ilam Culture, 20(62, 63), 190-211. (In Persian) 10.22034/FARHANG.2019.96068

Lawler, E. E., & Porter, L. W. (1967). The effect of performance on job satisfaction. Industrial Relations, 7(1), 20-28. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-232X.1967.tb01060.x

Lunenburg, F.C. (2011). Expectancy Theory of Motivation: Motivating by Altering Expectations. International Journal of Management Business, and Administration, 15, 1-9.

Maor, M., Gilad, S., Bloom, P. B. Organizational Reputation, Regulatory Talk, and Strategic Silence. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 23. (2013). 581-608. DOI:10.1093/jopart/mus047

Meinecke, A, L., Klonek, F, E., Kauffeld, S. (2016). Using observational research methods to study voice and silence in organizations. German Journal of Human Resource Management: Zeitschrift für Personalforschung, 30. 3-4. https://doi.org/10.1177/2397002216649862

Milliken, F. J., Morrison, E. W., & Hewlin, P. F. (2003). An exploratory study of employee silence: Issues that employee don't communicate upward and why. Journal of Management Studies, 40(6), 1453-1476. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.00387

Mirsepassi, N., & Etebarian, A. (2008). Reform and transformation in Iran's administrative system based on the balance of power model. Tehran: Mire. (In Persian)

Moasa, H. (2011). Voice and Silence in Organizations. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov, 4(2), 33-40.

Nechanska, E., Hughes, E., & Dundon, T. (2020). Towards an integration of employee voice and silence. Human Resource Management Review,30(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2018.11.002

Pacheco, D. C., Arruda Moniz, A. I. D. de S., & Caldeira, S. N. (2015). SILENCE IN ORGANIZATIONS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY: A LITERATURE REVIEW. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 11(10). Retrieved from https://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/view/6156

Peng, H., Bell, C., Li, Y. (2020). How and when intragroup relationship conflict leads to knowledge hiding: The roles of envy and trait competitiveness. Int. J. Confl. Manage. (32) 383–406. DOI:10.1108/IJCMA-03-2020-0041

Pinder, C. C., & Harlos, K. P. (2001). Employee Silence: Quiescence and Acquiescence as Responses to Perceived Injustice. Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 20, 331-369. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0742-7301(01)20007-3

Porter, L, W., Angle, H, L. Allen, R, W. (2003). Organizational Influence Processes. Routledge; 2nd edition.

Prouska, R., & Psychogios, A. (2016). Do Not Say a Word! Conceptualizing Employee Silence in a Long-term Crisis Context. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 29(5), 885-914. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2016.1212913

Redmond, B.F. (2014). Lecture on Expectancy Theory (Lesson 4). Personal Collection of B.F. Redmond, Penn State University, University Park, PA.

Reiss, S., McNally, R.J. (1985). Expectancy model of fear. In S Reiss and RR Bootzin (Eds). Theoretical issues in behavior therapy (107-121). San Diego: Academic Press.

Roy, A., & Chattopadhyay, S., P. (2010). Stealth marketing as a strategy. Business Horizons, 53(1), 69-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2009.09.004

Schlenker, B. R. (2003). Self-presentation. In M. R. Leary & J. P. Tangney (Eds.), Handbook of self and identity (pp. 492–518). The Guilford Press.

Semerci, B., A. (2019). Examination of knowledge hiding with conflict, competition and personal values. International Journal of Conflict Management, 30(1), 111-131. DOI: 10.1108/IJCMA-03-2018-0044

Shiri, A., Seify, A., & Heydarnezhad, Z. (2019). Designing a Merit-Phobia Model of the Managers of Public Organizations. Public Organization Management, 10(3), 11-26. https://doi.org/10.30473/ipom.2022.60884.4476 (In Persian)

Sufian, M., & Modab, D. (2015). Ways out Organizational Silence (From the Root to the Solution). International Journal of Review in Life Sciences, 1. 1245-1250

Usmani, S. Ramayah, T. (2023). Employee Silence: Commitment to Status Quo among Liberals and Conservatives with High Social Dominance. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 28. 1. 377-407. DOI:10.21315/aamj2023.28.1.15

Van Dyne, L., Ang, S., & Botero, I. C. (2003). Conceptualizing employee silence and employee voice as multidimensional constructs. Journal of Management Studies, 40(6), 1359–1392. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.00384

Vroom, V. H. (1964).Work and Motivation. San Francisco. CA: Jossey-Bass.

Wei, L. M., Piaw, C. Y., Kannan, S., & Moulod, S. A. (2011). Relationship Between Teacher ICT Competency and Teacher Acceptance and Use of School Management System (SMS). Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Technology, 4(4), 36-52.

مدیریت سازمان‌های دولتی

ریخت‌شناسی پدیدة انتظار خاموش از دیدگاه کارگزاران در وزارت کشور

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 12، شماره1 (پیاپی 45) - شماره پیاپی 45
دی 1402
صفحه 133-152

ریخت‌شناسی پدیدة انتظار خاموش از دیدگاه کارگزاران در وزارت کشور

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 12، شماره1 (پیاپی 45) - شماره پیاپی 45دی 1402صفحه 133-152

دوره 12، شماره1 (پیاپی 45) - شماره پیاپی 45
دی 1402
صفحه 133-152